Muva nje, i-Chengdu, i-Wuhan, i-Shenzhen namanye amadolobha akhiphe izinhlelo zomhlaba nezendawo ngokulandelana, ngoba lokhu kungokokuqala ukuthi zonke izindawo zikhiphe izinhlelo zesikhathi esizayo ngemva “kokuthobela okuningi”, okudonse ukunaka okukhulu kwamanye amazwe.
Esikhathini esidlule, izinhlelo zazivame ukukhishwa yonke indawo. Ngisho nasekuqaleni kwethemu entsha, izinhlelo zakhishwa ngamandla, okuholele ekwandeni kwezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi, imininingwane eshayisanayo kanye nokuqaliswa kanzima komnyango omkhulu. Ngo-2019, i-China yakhipha imibono eminingana ngokusungula uhlelo lokuhlela indawo yomhlaba kanye nokwengamela ukuqaliswa kwalo, oludinga ukuhlanganiswa kokuhlelwa kwendawo njengokuhlela indawo yokusebenza okuyinhloko, ukuhlelwa kokusetshenziswa komhlaba kanye nokuhlelwa kwezindawo zasemadolobheni nezasemaphandleni zibe ukuhlelwa kwendawo okuhlangene komhlaba, kanye nokuqaliswa kokusebenza. "yemithethonqubo eminingi kokukodwa".
Yiziphi izinto ezivelele zokuhlelwa komhlaba nendawo ezikhishwa yonke indawo?
Ngokusho kohlaka lwesu elihle lomhlaba nendawo (2020-2035) elisanda kumenyezelwa e-Chengdu, abantu namadolobha azonqunywa ngamanzi. Ngokwezingqinamba zemithombo yamanzi ethwala umthamo kanye nezinsiza kanye namandla okuthwala imvelo, kunqunywa ukuthi isikali sabantu ngokugcwele sizolawulwa sifinyelele ezigidini ezingama-24 ngo-2035. Uma kubhekwa ukuhamba kwesibalo sabantu kanye nokungaqiniseki kokuthuthukiswa kwabantu, ukwelashwa kanye nomphakathi izinsiza ezifana nezemfundo nezokuthutha kanye nengqalasizinda kamasipala.
Ekubalwa kwabantu kwesikhombisa kuzwelonke, izakhamuzi ezihlala unomphela zaseChengdu zeqa izigidi ezingama-20, zafinyelela ezigidini ezingama-20.938. Yidolobha lesine elinabantu abahlala unomphela abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-20 ngemuva kweChongqing, Shanghai neBeijing.
Kulolu hlelo, elinye idolobha elinabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-20 esikhathini esizayo yiGuangzhou. Kusukela ngo-2019, i-Guangzhou yahola ekukhipheni uhlelo lwendawo yonke nendawo yase-Guangzhou (2018-2035), eyahlongoza ukuthi izakhamuzi ezihlala unomphela ngonyaka wezi-2035 zibe yizigidi ezingama-20, kanti nengqalasizinda kanye nezinsiza zomphakathi zizokwabelwa ngokuvumelana. kubasebenzi abayizigidi ezingama-25.
Amanye amadolobha angase abambezele ukukhula kwenani labantu esikhathini esizayo. Uhlelo olusanda kukhishwa ngabakwaShenzhen lukhombisa ukuthi kuthatha “inhlokodolobha yokusungula izinto ezintsha, ezohwebo kanye nokudala, kanye nekhaya eliphilayo nelijabulisayo laseHemei” njengombono wasemadolobheni ka-2035, futhi kubeka phambili ukuthi ngo-2035, izakhamuzi ezihleliwe ezihleliwe zizoba. 19 million, inani langempela labaphathi kanye nezinsiza lizoba yizigidi ezingama-23, kanti indawo yokwakha izolawulwa phakathi kwamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-1105.
Imiphumela yokubalwa kwabantu kuzwelonke yesikhombisa ikhombisa ukuthi izakhamuzi ezihlala unomphela e-Shenzhen ziyizigidi eziyi-17.5601, inyuke ngezigidi eziyisi-7.1361, inyuke ngo-68.46% kanye nokukhula okujwayelekile konyaka ngo-5.35% uma kuqhathaniswa nezigidi eziyi-10.424 kubalo bantu lwesithupha kuzwelonke ngo-2010.
Isizathu sokwehla okungenzeka kokwanda kwabantu e-Shenzhen esikhathini esizayo, noma izinkinga “ezifana “nezifo zedolobha elikhulu” ezibangelwa ubuningi bedolobha, zizonciphisa umthamo wabantu kwamanye amadolobha amakhulu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso kokubili eBeijing naseShanghai.
UWuhan uhlongoza ukuthi ngonyaka ka-2035, izothatha izakhamizi ezihlala unomphela eziyizigidi eziyi-16.6 futhi ihlinzeke ngengqalasizinda kanye nezinsiza zomphakathi ngokuya ngenani labantu abasebenza ezigidini ezingama-20.
"Ukuhambisana nokuhlanganiswa okuningi" kubonakala kulezi zinhlelo. U-Chengdu uhlongoze ukulawula ngokuqinile isikali somhlaba wokwakha, ukulawula ngokunengqondo ukushuba kokuthuthukiswa komhlaba esifundeni sonke, kanye nokuqondisa ukudluliselwa kwesikhungo sokuthuthukiswa komhlaba ukusuka empumalanga kuye eningizimu. I-Guangzhou ihlongoze ukulawula ngokuqinile ukushuba kokuthuthukiswa kwendawo yomhlaba, indawo yemvelo nezolimo engekho ngaphansi kwezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zendawo yedolobha kanye nendawo yokwakha yasemadolobheni ingabi ngaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yendawo yedolobha; Beka umkhawulo ophezulu wokusetshenziswa kwensiza yomhlaba futhi ulawule ngokuqinile ukushuba kokuthuthukiswa komhlaba kanye nendawo phakathi kwama-30% wendawo yasemadolobheni. UWuhan uzonqamula umngcele wokuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha futhi akhiye indawo yasemadolobheni. Izindawo ezakhiwe emadolobheni kanye nezindawo zokuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha kanye nezindawo zokwakha ezingathuthukiswa futhi zisetshenziswe isikhathi esithile zizofakwa emngceleni wokuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlelwa kwedolobha elimaphakathi nakho kunaka emisebeni kanye nendima yokushayela yedolobha elimaphakathi emnothweni. I-Chengdu ihlongoza ukukhuthaza intuthuko edidiyelwe yesifunda futhi yakhe ngokuhlanganyela i-Chengdu Chongqing agglomeration yasemadolobheni esezingeni lomhlaba. I-Chengdu izodlala indima ebalulekile ekuxhumaniseni nasekuholeni ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Chongqing futhi ibe amandla amasha okuthuthukisa intuthuko edidiyelwe yezwe lonke.
U-Wuhan ugcizelele ukuthi kuzoqinisa ukusebenzisana kwezimboni kanye nokuxhumana kwezokuthutha phakathi kwedolobha elikhulu lase-Wuhan kanye nezixuku zasemadolobheni njenge-Changsha ne-Nanchang, kusungulwe i-synergy kanye nokubusa ngokubambisana kwemvelo, futhi kwakhiwe ukuhlangana kwamadolobha okusezingeni lomhlaba maphakathi nomfula i-Yangtze. Nikeza ukudlala endimeni eholayo ka-Wuhan embuthanweni wesifundazwe nasemadolobheni, gxila ekwakheni umbuthano wedolobha elikhulu lase-Wuhan elingu-80 km, futhi uthuthukise umnotho oyinhloko kanye nomnotho wesikhungo ezizungeze izimboni ezibalulekile ezinenzuzo njengezimoto kanye ne-biomedicine.
Olunye uphawu lwale mithetho ukukhuthaza ukuphathwa komjikelezo wempilo yonke, kanye nokubeka phambili ukwakhiwa kwezinyathelo zokulawula “imigqa emithathu yokulawula” njengolayini wokuvikela imvelo, indawo eyisisekelo yokulima eyisisekelo kanye nomngcele wokuthuthukiswa kwedolobha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlelo nazo zinesakhiwo sezindlu. U-Wuhan uhlongoza ukuthi ngokuzayo, indawo yokwakha izindlu nge-capita ngayinye akufanele ibe ngaphansi kwamamitha-skwele angama-45. I-Guangzhou ihlongoza ukuthi ngonyaka wezi-2035, kuzokwengezwa izindlu zasemadolobheni ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili, kanti ingxenye yezindlu eziqashisayo ezohlinzekwa ngezindlu ezintsha akufanele ibe ngaphansi kwama-20%; Izindlu ezithengekayo zenza ngaphezu kuka-8% wezindlu ezintsha zedolobha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-26-2021