Uyawathanda ama-aphula?Impentshisi yempisi?Noma ngabe ukubiza ngani, noma idliwa iluhlaza, iphekiwe noma inejusi, utamatisi ungomunye wemikhiqizo yezolimo ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ukukhiqizwa komhlaba wonke kudlula amathani ayizigidi ezingu-180 ukuhlangabezana nesidingo somhlaba salesi sithelo.Yebo, ngokombono wesayensi yezitshalo, utamatisi uyisithelo—ikakhulukazi amajikijolo e-nightshade azalelwa eNingizimu Melika—kodwa abantu abaningi kanye noMnyango Wezolimo wase-United States. USDA) iphathe njengemifino.
Isetshenziswa kabanzi Namuhla, utamatisi ungowesibili wemifino esetshenziswa kakhulu e-United States ngemuva kwamazambane.
Lokhu kuboniswa ngokucacile enanini elisetshenziswayo lala tamatisi oyindilinga obomvu othandwa kakhulu (yize utamatisi wanamuhla uza ngezindlela eziningi, ubukhulu nemibala): ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya kotamatisi omusha kunyuke kusuka kumakhilogremu angu-13 ngo-1980. 20 amapondo.2020.
Lokhu kwanda kungase kube umphumela wokwanda kokuqwashisa kwabathengi ngokudla okunempilo nokunomsoco (ikakhulukazi okusekelwa izinkulungwane zeminyaka kanye neGeneration Z), intaphane yezinhlobonhlobo nemibala emisha, kanye nomphumela wokutholakala okwanele unyaka wonke.
Abantu baseCanada nabaseMexico nabo bathanda utamatisi, bakleliswe endaweni yesithathu eCanada, endaweni yesibili ngemuva kukaulethisi no-anyanisi (omisiwe noluhlaza), eduze kukapelepele oluhlaza namazambane eMexico.
Izindawo zokutshala eziyinhloko Ngokwemininingwane yeNhlangano Yezokudla Nezolimo yeNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene, iShayina iyizwe elikhulukazi elitshala utamatisi, elikhiqiza u-35% wotamatisi womhlaba, okungase kumangaze abanye abantu.
I-California neFlorida zihola i-United States ekusebenziseni ukubaluleka kokukhiqizwa kukatamatisi, ilandelwa yi-Tennessee, i-Ohio kanye neNingizimu Carolina. Ukuze kukhunjulwe isimo sikatamatisi njengesivuno esiyinhloko somkhiqizo omusha e-Tennessee, isishayamthetho sesifundazwe samukela utamatisi njengesithelo esisemthethweni ngo-2003. .
Cishe u-42% wotamatisi odliwa e-United States utamatisi omusha wemakethe.Ibhalansi yokusetshenziswa ivela kutamatisi ocutshungulwe waba amasoso amaningi, ama-pastes, iziphuzo kanye nama-condiments.
Uma kuziwa ekukhiqizweni kweCalifornia, ngaphezu kwe-90% yezitshalo ezivunwayo unyaka ngamunye zisetshenziselwa ukucubungula.Isigodi esimaphakathi nesifunda siyindawo enkulu yokukhiqiza.
Izifunda zaseFresno, iYolo, Kings, Merced, kanye neSan Joaquin zihlanganise i-akhawunti ye-74% yenani eliphelele lamathani otamatisi aseCalifornia ngo-2020.
Isomiso esibi kanye nokuntuleka kwamanzi eCalifornia eminyakeni embalwa edlule kubangele ukulahlekelwa ezindaweni zokutshala utamatisi.Ukushisa okukhulu kwehlobo elidlule kuphoqe abalimi ukuthi bavune kusenesikhathi.
NgoJuni, iNational Bureau of Agricultural Statistics yoMnyango Wezolimo wase-United States yehlisa inani elilinganiselwe lendawo etshaliwe ehlelelwe ukucutshungulwa ngo-2021 lisuka ku-240,000 laya ku-231,000.
Ngokwe-Florida Tomato Commission eduze kwase-Orlando e-Maitland, eFlorida, izithelo ze-Sunshine State eFlorida zenza cishe yonke imakethe yezwe entsha. Utamatisi otshalwe ensimini kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuJuni uhlanganisa wonke utamatisi omusha okhiqizwa ezweni. Cishe uhhafu wayo..
Amatamatisi amaningi atshalwa eFlorida ayindilinga, kunesidingo esikhulu sezinsizakalo zokudla, futhi atshalwa ensimini.Ngokuvamile, avunwa aluhlaza futhi aphathwe ngegesi ethylene ukuze avuthwe.
Izindawo ezikhulayo eziyinhloko zifaka ingxenye eseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Sunshine State kanye nendawo yase-Tampa Bay.Ngo-2020, kuzotshalwa ama-mu angu-25,000 kanye nama-mu angu-24,000 azovunwa.
Lesi sitshalo sibiza amaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-463 - inani eliphakeme kakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi-kodwa ngenxa yokuthi utamatisi omusha owawuvela eMexico wawumuncwe yimakethe, ukukhiqizwa kukatamatisi kwakuphansi kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi.
U-Elmer Mott uyisekela likamongameli we-Collier Tomato&Vegetable Distributors, Inc., inkampani yabathengisi e-Arcadia, eFlorida, BB#:126248, futhi useneminyaka engu-45 esebhizinisini likatamatisi.Ukhumbula ukuthi kunezitshalo zokupakisha zikatamatisi eziphindwe kathathu eFlorida njengoba kunjalo manje.
“Ngeminyaka yawo-1980 nawo-1990, kwakunemishini yokupakisha engu-23 noma engu-24; manje sekunemishini yokupakisha engu-8 noma engu-9 kuphela,” esho.UMott ukholelwa ukuthi lo mkhuba uzoqhubeka kuze kube sekusele abambalwa.
I-Collier Tomato and Vegetables isebenzisa utamatisi ohlukahlukene, othunyelwa kuma-repackers ezimbonini zokuthengisa nezokudla.Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe aseduze: "Sithumele amanye ePuerto Rico, eCanada naseTrinidad naseTobago," esho.
Ukunikezwa kwenkampani kuvela eFlorida, ngaphandle uma usayizi odingekayo nombala kungatholakali kalula.
Njengomuntu othanda amasiko, uMott uthanda utamatisi otshalwe ensimini; nokho, waveza, “IFlorida iphakathi kwamadwala nezindawo eziqinile—iMexico iyaqhubeka nokwandisa umthamo wokuhweba, futhi angicabangi ukuthi sikhona isizathu sokuthi izoncipha.”
Lesi ingcaphuno evela ku-Tomato Spotlight kumagazini kaNovemba/Disemba 2021 we-Produce Blueprints. Chofoza lapha ukuze ufunde wonke umbuzo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-04-2022